Hey @slartibartlars welcome to Backstage! 
Glad you found your way here! 
Android is notoriously difficult if not near impossible (via USB). I personally have no experience with chromebooks so i can’t help you there. But i’ve tested an older OnePlus 7 (running Android 12) and got MIDI working there. Surprisingly a much newer Samsung Galaxy S23 (running Android 13) i couldn’t get to connect at all. As to why that is the case… 
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I’ve reported my finding in this post: USB MIDI unavailable (possible host/client issue or Android 13). Maybe it will help you to get a step further 
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As it stands now i’m using a CME WIDI Thru6 BT Hub for BT MIDI communication with iOS and Android devices and that seems to be very reliable and let’s me use TouchOSC to create custom interfaces to control MIDI aspects of the Tracker. CME WIDI Jacks work too btw.
I’m not aware of any such wish atm (but i may also be wrong).
NTS-1 is TRS-A as far as i know, so yeah you’ll need a converter in between, especially if you want to just use jack cables. You can find some simple TRS-A to TRS-B jack adapters quite easily (1, 2).
I also fully agree that the developer behind SunVox has a couple apps that are total gems and a great sources for samples!